Gazans have been under siege since Israel launched its most intense bombardment and blockade ever following
The territory's 2.3 million residents have been left without power, pushing health and water services to the brink of collapse, with fuel for hospital generators running low.
Hundreds of thousands of people have been displaced, with some taking cars and suitcases south towards the Rafah crossing but others heading back north after failing to find refuge.
Dozens of Australians and other foreign nationals stuck in Gaza - but many have been left in a precarious situation with the crossing currently closed.
What is the Rafah crossing?
It’s the exit and entry point located in the south of Gaza, on the border with Egypt.
On the other side, in the north, Erez is the tightly controlled entry point to Israel.
Gaza's main border crossings.
The Kerem Shalom crossing is located to the south, close to the Egyptian border, and is used to transport goods from, or to, Israel, into Gaza.
Both Erez and Kerem Shalom were closed until further notice by Israel following the 7 October attacks.
Who controls the Rafah crossing?
Egypt controls the Rafah crossing and people wanting to leave Gaza need an exit permit from either Palestinian or Egyptian authorities, according to the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs.
What is happening at the crossing?
With the United Nations warning Gaza is on the brink of an "unprecedented humanitarian catastrophe", there’s been a rush to deliver aid to its two million residents under siege.
The Rafah border crossing is controlled by Egypt. Source: EPA / /
But they’re unable to get in.
Added to that, there have been reports that Israeli air strikes have hit the area surrounding the crossing. The Israel Defence Forces confirmed last week it hit an underground tunnel in the Rafah area which it said was used for "smuggling weapons and equipment".
Why isn't the Rafah crossing open?
Egypt said on Monday the crossing is not officially closed but was made inoperable due to Israeli air strikes on the Gaza side.
Officials in Cairo claimed that Israel was not cooperating with delivery of aid into Gaza.
"Until now the Israeli government has not taken a position on opening the Rafah crossing from the Gaza side to allow the entrance of assistance and exit of citizens of third countries," Egypt's foreign minister Sameh Shoukry said.
Palestinians have been waiting to cross the Rafah border crossing following Israel's evacuation warning for northern residents of Gaza. Source: AP / /
Why don’t some people want to leave Gaza?
Not all residents in Gaza want to leave. Some Palestinians fear that if they leave their homes, they will not be allowed back.
Some have said they fear another Nakba - or 'catastrophe', when many Palestinians fled or were forced from their homes during the 1948 war that accompanied Israel's creation.
Some 700,000 Palestinians, half the Arab population of what was British-ruled Palestine, were dispossessed and displaced, many spilling into neighbouring Arab states where they or many of their descendants remain. Many still live in refugee camps.
Two men show a Palestinian flag in front of trucks of a humanitarian aid convoy for the Gaza Strip, parked in Arish, Egypt, on Monday. Source: EPA / /
The Israeli military has told the civilians of Gaza City to "evacuate south for your own safety and the safety of your families and distance yourself from Hamas terrorists who are using you as human shields".
Israel has massed forces outside Gaza in preparation for what the army has said would be a land, air and sea attack involving a "significant ground operation" in response to Hamas attacks.
