Citing reputational risk from poor animal welfare practice, New Zealand is banning live exports of animals by sea.
Agriculture Minister Damien O'Connor on Wednesday announced the controversial practice would end within the next two years.
"There's a lot of public pressure here, a lot of concern," Mr O'Connor said.
"We must stay ahead of the curve in a world where animal welfare is under increasing scrutiny."
The practice was paused in September 2020 after the Gulf Livestock 1 ship sank on a journey to China, drowning 41 crew - including two Kiwis and two Australians - and almost 6000 cattle.
While exports resumed a month later with more rigorous welfare standards, Jacinda Ardern's government has now decided to phase out the trade over the next two years.
Unlike Australia, New Zealand does not export live exports for slaughter, only for breeding.
The ban will mainly affect cattle farmers, with sheep exports already banned.
New Zealand will continue to allow live exports of animals by air, which has lesser welfare concerns, a practice used for the sale of horses.
The country has exported cattle to Sri Lanka, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Vietnam and Mexico in the last five years but since 2020, solely to China.
Kiwi exporters sent 118,000 cattle overseas in that time, with 129 dying during the journey.
Mr O'Connor said after "a bit of a gold rush", the industry was worth around $NZ260 million ($A240 million) last year, but said he didn't expect a hit to GDP.
The government informed the Chinese Embassy a fortnight ago of the move.
"We have a mature relationship with (China). I'm sure they understand our position that we want to uphold our reputation that everything we trade is from an ethical base," he said.
Animal welfare advocates have congratulated the government, while export bodies have slammed the call.
World Animal Protection NZ executive director Simone Clarke called on Australia to follow suit.
"The New Zealand government's announcement to phase out live exports in the coming years is a significant moment in our history for animals, one which other governments around the world must now follow, including Australia," she said.
Mr O'Connor refused to join them, saying live export policy was a matter for individual countries.
The West Coast-Tasman MP said many farmers supported the ban, while acknowledging others would lose out.
Sheep destined for the Middle East make their way to be loaded onboard the Al Messilah livestock vessel at the Fremantle wharf in February 2019. Source: AAP
The Animal Genetics Trade Association called the ban an "ill-informed, massively consequential decision for the nation, to earn short-term political brownie points from a few activists".
"This is an immoral ban against a trade being conducted humanely. There is no morality in removing half a billion dollars from our economy and forcing the early deaths of up to 150,000 animals a year," AGTA spokesman Dave Hayman said.
