Starvation cult 'horror': Mass graves, a major search, and a country in shock

Here's what we know so far about the "Shakahola Forest Massacre", which has left dozens dead and sparked questions about how the cult was able to operate undetected for so long.

Kenyan authorities are working to uncover the true scale of what has been dubbed the "Shakahola Forest Massacre". Source: AAP, EPA / STR

KEY POINTS

• The death toll in Kenya's starvation cult case has reached 73 as police search for more mass graves and survivors.
• President William Ruto has vowed to crack down on "unacceptable" religious movements.
• An investigation into the Good News International Church has been launched.

Content warning: This article contains graphic content and may be distressing to some readers.

The death toll in a case involving a Kenyan cult that practised starvation climbed to 73 on Monday, police sources told the AFP news agency as investigators unearthed more corpses from mass graves in a forest near the coast.

A major search is underway near the coastal town of Malindi where dozens of bodies were exhumed over the weekend, sending shockwaves through the country as President William Ruto vowed to crack down on "unacceptable" religious movements.

A full-scale investigation has been launched into the Good News International Church and its leader, named in court documents as Paul Mackenzie Nthenge, who preached that death by starvation delivered followers to God.

Police had previously named the suspect as Makenzie Nthenge.

The death toll in a case involving a Kenyan cult that practised starvation climbed to 73 on Monday. Source: AAP, EPA / STR

It is believed some of his devotees could still be hiding in the bush around Shakahola, which was raided by police earlier this month after a tip-off from a local non-profit group.

Since then, a number of people have been rescued and dozens of bodies unearthed in mass graves dug in shallow pits.

"We have 73 bodies from the forest by this evening and the exercise will continue tomorrow," a police officer involved in the probe told AFP on condition of anonymity.

"It is a very sad state of affairs on how these people died and were buried in shallow graves because we found six bodies squeezed in one grave today," he said.

Another senior police official also confirmed the death toll, saying: "Some of the bodies were just in the forest and had not even been buried."

The toll had earlier stood at 58, according to police chief Japhet Koome who visited the site on Monday.

A 325-hectare area of woodland has been declared a crime scene as teams clad in overalls search for more burial sites and possible cult survivors.

Kenyan President William Ruto has vowed to crack down on "unacceptable" religious movements. Source: AAP, EPA / Daniel Irungu

Mr Ruto, speaking in Kiambu county neighbouring Nairobi, said there was "no difference" between rogue pastors like Nthenge — who has been arrested and is awaiting trial — and terrorists.

"Terrorists use religion to advance their heinous acts. People like Mr Mackenzie are using religion to do exactly the same thing."

"I have instructed the agencies responsible to take up the matter and to get to the root cause and to the bottom of the activities of ... people who want to use religion to advance weird, unacceptable ideology."

'Unfolding horror'

As authorities try to uncover the true scale of what is being dubbed the "Shakahola Forest Massacre", questions have emerged about how the cult was able to operate undetected despite Nthenge attracting police attention six years earlier.

"The unfolding horror that is the Shakahola cult deaths should and must be a wake-up call to the nation, more particularly the National Intelligence Service (NIS) and our community policing programme," Amason Jeffah Kingi, the speaker of the senate, said in a statement.

"How did such a heinous crime, organized and executed over a considerable period of time, escape the radar of our intelligence system?"

Kenya's Inspector General of Police, Japhet Koome (second from right) at the scene where dozens of bodies have been found in shallow graves in the village of Shakahola, near the coastal city of Malindi, in Kenya's south. Source: AAP, AP / AP

Nthenge was arrested in 2017 on charges of "radicalisation" after urging families not to send their children to school, saying education was not recognised by the Bible.

He was arrested again last month, according to local media, after two children starved to death in the custody of their parents.

He was released on bail of 100,000 Kenyan shillings ($1,120) before surrendering to police following the Shakahola raid.

Another 14 people are also in custody over the Shakahola deaths, according to Mr Koome. The case is due to be heard on 2 May.

Fears for followers

There are fears some members could be hiding from authorities in the surrounding bushland and at risk of death if not quickly found.

Hussein Khalid, a member of the rights group Haki Africa that tipped off the police to the actions of the church, said one of those rescued had refused to eat despite being in clear physical distress.

"The moment she was brought here, she absolutely refused to be administered with first aid and she closed her mouth firmly, basically refusing to be assisted, wanting to continue with her fasting until she dies," he told AFP.

The Kenya Red Cross said 212 people had been reported missing to its support staff at Malindi, out of which two were reunited with their families.

The case has prompted the government to flag the need for tighter control of fringe denominations in a country with a history of self-declared pastors and movements that become involved in crime.

Interior Minister Kithure Kindiki, who has announced he would visit the site on Tuesday, described the case as "the clearest abuse of the constitutionally enshrined human right to freedom of worship."

But efforts to regulate religion in the majority-Christian country have been fiercely opposed in the past as attempts to undermine constitutional guarantees for the division of church and state.